21/02/2022
𝗔𝗿𝗷𝘂𝗻 𝗧𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗤𝘂𝗶𝗰𝗸 𝗙𝗮𝗰𝘁𝘀
𝗛𝗲𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗵 𝗯𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘁𝘀: 𝗛𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗙𝗮𝗶𝗹𝘂𝗿𝗲, 𝗖𝗼𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗔𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗼𝘃𝗮𝘀𝗰𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿 𝗛𝗲𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗵
Terminalia Arjuna commonly known as Arjun tree, Arjuna, Koha, Kahu, Arjan, White Marudah, White Murdh, Arjuna Myrobalan, Orjun, Yerra maddi, Sadada and Sadaru is a tree of Combretaceae family and genus Terminalia. It is a deciduous riparian tree found in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and some other Asian Countries. The name Terminalia is derived from a Latin word ‘terminalis’ or ‘terminus’ which means “ending”. In other words it is refer to the habit this plants leaves that are being crowded at the tips of the shoots. The name ‘Arjuna’ is also well described in the ancient Indian script known as RigVeda and Atharvaeda. In this it is term as a “white” or “bright” or probably the shining quality of its (Chaal) bark.
Terminalis has been used in the Ayurveda system of traditional medicine since the 7th century. All parts of the plant are used, usually as a milk decoction. Practitioners of Ayurveda typically use Terminalis for bleeding and cardiovascular ailments. The leaves of this tree are fed on by the Antheraea paphia moth which produces the tassar silk (Tussah), a form of wild silk of commercial importance. The tree is also planted to provide shade, especially in coffee plantations.
𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
Arjun Tree is an evergreen, deciduous tree that grows about 20–25 meters tall. The tree is found growing in wet, marshy areas on riverbanks, banks of streams and rivers and normally prefers humid, fertile and red lateritic soils, but it can grow in any type of soils. It can also grow in shade. The plant usually has a buttressed trunk about 2.5 m in diameter, and forms a wide canopy at the crown, from which branches drop downwards. Bark is smooth, grey outside and reddish from the inside.
𝗟𝗲𝗮𝘃𝗲𝘀
Leaves are usually sub-opposite, oblong-elliptic or somewhat sub-orbicular, 7-18 (-25) cm long, 4-6 cm broad, obtuse, rarely sub-acute with rounded or cordate base, glabrous to sub-glabrous above, partially pubescent beneath, entire somewhat crenate or serrate in the upper half or throughout, petiole 5-10 mm long with 2 (-1) rounded glands at the apex. Leaves are dull green above and pale brown beneath.
𝗙𝗹𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 & 𝗙𝗿𝘂𝗶𝘁
Flowers are yellowish white, sessile. Hypanthium is broadly campanulate, 4-5 mm long, teeth triangular c. 15 mm long, glabrous. Flowering normally takes place from March and June. Fruit is glabrous, large, round, and woody 2.5-5 cm long, brown elongated oval shape, segmented with stripes, fibrous woody, and tough with 5 hard wings, striated with numerous curved veins. The fruits are seedless too. The fruit appears between September and November.
